Mayankho a Scaffolding
Scaffolding imatanthawuza zothandizira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimamangidwa pamalo omanga kuti ogwira ntchito azigwira ntchito ndikuthana ndi mayendedwe oyima ndi opingasa.Makamaka kwa ogwira ntchito yomanga kugwira ntchito mmwamba ndi pansi kapena kuteteza ukonde wachitetezo wakunja ndikuyika zida pamalo okwera.Pali mitundu yambiri ya scaffolding.Makamaka zikuphatikizapo: ntchito scaffolding dongosolo, chitetezo scaffolding dongosolo ndi katundu kunyamula ndi thandizo scaffolding dongosolo.
Malinga ndi njira yothandizira scaffold, palinso scaffolding yoyima pansi, yomwe idatchanso nsanja ya scaffolding, scaffolding scaffolding ndi scaffolding yoyimitsidwa.Njira yonse yokwerera (yotchedwa "kukwera scaffolding") tsopano ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yodziyimira pawokha pantchito yomanga.
Dongosolo la scaffolding ndi amodzi mwamalumikizidwe ofunikira kwambiri ndi machitidwe omanga otetezeka mu engineering ya zomangamanga.Timachitcha kuti chitetezo chachitetezo.Sampmax Construction imasamala zachitetezo cha projekiti iliyonse yamakasitomala athu omwe akugwira ntchito.Makina onse opangira ma scaffolding omwe timapereka amakwaniritsa miyezo yofananira yopanga.
Pogwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga za Sampmax Construction, timakumbutsa makasitomala kuti asamale mavuto awa:
Kukhazikika kwa maziko kumapangitsa kusinthika kwapagulu kwa scaffold.Pofuna kupewa kugwa kapena kugwa komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kupunduka kwanuko, ma stilts kapena scissor support amakhazikitsidwa pagawo lopindika la chimango chopindika pawiri, ndipo ndodo zopindika zimakhazikitsidwa motsatana mpaka malo opindika atakonzedwa kunja.Phazi lothandizira horoscope kapena scissor liyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamaziko olimba komanso odalirika.
Kupotoka ndi kusinthika kwachitsulo chachitsulo chachitsulo chomwe scaffolding chimayambira chimaposa mtengo wotchulidwa, ndipo mfundo ya nangula kumbuyo kwa chitsulo chachitsulo iyenera kulimbikitsidwa.Pamwamba pa mtengo wachitsulo uyenera kumangirizidwa ndi zitsulo zothandizira ndi mabakiteriya opangidwa ndi U kuti athe kupirira denga.Pali kusiyana pakati pa mphete yachitsulo yophatikizidwa ndi chitsulo chachitsulo, chomwe chiyenera kutetezedwa ndi mphero ya akavalo.Zingwe zachitsulo zomwe zili kumapeto kwa zitsulo zolendewera zazitsulo zimafufuzidwa chimodzi ndi chimodzi ndipo zonse zimangirizidwa kuti zitsimikizire mphamvu zofanana.
Ngati scaffolding kutsitsa ndi kukoka dongosolo kugwirizana ndi pang'ono kuonongeka, ayenera kubwezeretsedwa yomweyo malinga ndi kutsitsa kukoka njira anakonza mu dongosolo choyambirira, ndi mbali zopunduka ndi mamembala adzakhala kudzudzulidwa.Konzani mawonekedwe akunja a scaffold munthawi yake, pangani kulumikizana kolimba, ndikumangitsani zingwe zamawaya pamalo aliwonse otsitsa kuti apange yunifolomu yamphamvu, ndipo pomaliza amasule unyolo wopindika.
Pakumanga, ndondomeko yokhazikika iyenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa, ndipo mizati yolumikizira khoma iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamene ikukhazikitsa chimango chakunja, kuti chigwirizane kwambiri ndi chigawo cha chimango.
Mitengoyo iyenera kukhala yoyima, ndipo mitengoyo iyenera kugwedezeka ndi kutsika kuchokera pansanja yoyamba.Kupatuka koyima kwa mtengo woyima sikuyenera kupitilira 1/200 kutalika kwake, ndipo pamwamba pamtengo woyimirira kuyenera kukhala 1.5m kutalika kuposa denga la nyumbayo.Nthawi yomweyo, zolumikizira zowongoka zimayenera kukhala ndi zomangira za matako, kupatulapo cholumikizira chapamtunda.
Pansi pa scaffold payenera kukhala ndi ndodo zowongoka komanso zopingasa.Ndodo yosesa yoyima ikhazikike pamtengo woyima osapitilira 200mm kuchoka pamwamba pa shimu block yokhala ndi zomangira zakumanja, ndipo ndodo yosesa yopingasa iyenera kukhazikika pansi pa ndodo yosesa yowongoka ndi zomangira zakumanja.Pamtengo.
Pali khoka lathyathyathya mkati mwa shelefu yogwirira ntchito, ndipo 180mm kutalika ndi 50mm wandiweyani wolondera phazi lamatabwa amakonzedwa kumapeto ndi kunja kwa alumali.Kuyika kwa gawo logwirira ntchito kumayenera kuyikidwa mokwanira komanso mokhazikika.
Mukayala nthiti ya scaffold board, pali ndodo ziwiri zopingasa zopingasa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa, ndipo zolumikizira zamatabwa zomwe zimayikidwa ndikudutsana ziyenera kukhala pandodo zopingasa zopingasa.Palibe bolodi lofufuzira lomwe limaloledwa, ndipo kutalika kwa scaffold board sikudutsa 150mm.
Chopinga chachikulu chiyenera kuikidwa pansi pa mtanda wawung'ono.Mkati mwa ndodo yowongoka, gwiritsani ntchito zomangira za kumanja kuti mumange ndodo yowongoka.Kutalika kwa mtanda waukulu sikuyenera kukhala kosachepera 3 spans ndi osachepera 6m.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chimango chogwirira ntchito panthawi yomanga ndi zokongoletsera.Ndi scaffold ya mizere iwiri yolumikizira mizati yokhala ndi mtunda wolunjika wa 1.5m, mtunda wa mzere wa 1.0m, ndi mtunda wa 1.5m.
Mu erection, gawo lina lililonse la chimango chakunja liyenera kumangiriridwa mwamphamvu ndi kapangidwe ka nthawi kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo panthawi yomanga.Kupatuka koyima ndi kopingasa kwa ndodozo kuyenera kukonzedwa pamodzi ndi erection, ndipo zomangira ziyenera kumangika moyenera.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za kumanga kuchotsedwa kwa scaffolding
Kugwetsa scaffolding ndi formwork thandizo dongosolo ayenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa malinga ndi zofunikira za mfundo luso ndi mapulani apadera.Pa nthawi yogwetsa nyumbayo, bungwe lomanga ndi kuyang’anira liyenera kukonza zoti anthu apadera aziyang’anira.
Chisanjiro chiyenera kuthyoledwa kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi wosanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza.Munthawi yomweyo ntchito mmwamba ndi pansi ndi mosamalitsa oletsedwa, ndi kulumikiza khoma mbali ayenera kuchotsedwa wosanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza pamodzi ndi scaffolding.Ndi zoletsedwa kuphwanya wosanjikiza wonse kapena zigawo zingapo za khoma lolumikizira musanagwetse scaffolding.
Pamene kusiyana kwa kutalika kwa kuwonongeka kwa magawo kuli kwakukulu kuposa masitepe awiri, zidutswa za khoma ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti zitsimikizidwe.
Mukachotsa scaffolding, chotsani chingwe chamagetsi chapafupi kaye.Ngati pali chingwe chamagetsi chokwiriridwa pansi pa nthaka, chitani njira zodzitetezera.Ndizoletsedwa kuponya zomangira ndi mapaipi achitsulo kuzungulira chingwe chamagetsi.
Mapaipi achitsulo ophwanyika, zomangira ndi zina zowonjezera ndizoletsedwa kuti ziponyedwe pansi kuchokera pamtunda.
Kuchotsa mzati ofukula (6m kutalika) kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi anthu awiri.Mzati woyimirira mkati mwa 30cm pansi pa mzati waukulu wopingasa ndi woletsedwa kuchotsedwa ndi munthu m'modzi, ndipo pamafunika kutsiriza kuchotsa sitepe ya mlatho wapamwamba isanachotsedwe.Kuchita molakwika kungayambitse kugwa kokwera kwambiri (kuphatikiza Anthu ndi zinthu).
Chopinga chachikulu, scissor brace, ndi diagonal brace ziyenera kuchotsedwa poyamba, ndipo zomangira zapakati ziyenera kuchotsedwa poyamba, ndipo zomangirazo ziyenera kuthandizidwa mutagwira chapakati;panthawi imodzimodziyo, scissor brace ndi diagonal brace ikhoza kuchotsedwa pazitsulo zowonongeka, osati zonse mwakamodzi, chotsani scissor brace Malamba otetezeka ayenera kuvala panthawiyo, ndipo anthu awiri kapena kuposerapo ayenera kugwirizana kuti awachotse.
Mbali zolumikizira khoma siziyenera kuthetsedwa pasadakhale.Amatha kuchotsedwa pokhapokha atachotsedwa wosanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza kumalo olumikizira khoma.Zigawo zomaliza zolumikizira khoma zisanachotsedwe, zothandizira zoponya ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamitengo yowongoka kuti zitsimikizire kuti mitengo yoyimirira ikuchotsedwa.bata.