Ku ya 23 Werurwe, ubwato bunini bwa kontineri “Changci” bwakoreshwaga na Tayiwani Evergreen Shipping, ubwo bwanyuraga ku muyoboro wa Suez, bwakekwagaho kuba bwaratandukiriye umuyoboro maze bukiruka kubera umuyaga mwinshi.Ku isaha ya saa yine n'igice za mugitondo ku ya 29, ku isaha yaho, ku bw'imbaraga z'itsinda ry’abatabazi, umutwaro “Long Give” wahagaritse umuyoboro wa Suez wongeye kugaragara, kandi moteri irakora!Biravugwa ko imizigo “Changci” yagororotse.Inkomoko ebyiri zo kohereza zavuze ko iyo mizigo yasubukuye “inzira isanzwe.”Biravugwa ko itsinda ry’abatabazi ryarokoye neza “Long Give” mu muyoboro wa Suez, ariko igihe cyo mu muyoboro wa Suez cyo gukomeza ingendo ntikiramenyekana.

Nka imwe mu nzira zingenzi zo kohereza ku isi, guhagarika umuyoboro wa Suez byongereye impungenge nshya ku bushobozi bw’ubwato bwa kontineri bumaze gukomera.Ntamuntu numwe wigeze atekereza ko ubucuruzi bwisi yose muminsi yashize bwahagaritswe mumugezi wa metero 200 z'ubugari?Ibi bikimara kuba, twagombaga kongera gutekereza ku mutekano n’ibibazo bitabujijwe by’umuyoboro w’ubucuruzi w’Ubushinwa n’Uburayi kugira ngo dutange “backup” ku bwikorezi bwa Canal ya Suez.

1. Ibyabaye "ubwinshi bwubwato", "amababa yikinyugunyugu" byahungabanije ubukungu bwisi

Lars Jensen, umuyobozi mukuru w’isosiyete ngishwanama yo muri Danemarke “Maritime Intelligence”, yavuze ko amato aremereye agera kuri 30 anyura mu muyoboro wa Suez buri munsi, kandi umunsi umwe wo guhagarika bivuze ko kontineri 55.000 zitinda gutangwa.Dukurikije imibare yavuye ku rutonde rwa Lloyd, igiciro cy’isaha cyo guhagarika umuyoboro wa Suez ni hafi miliyoni 400 USD.Itsinda ry’ubwishingizi bw’Ubudage Allianz Group rivuga ko guhagarika umuyoboro wa Suez bishobora gutwara ubucuruzi ku isi hagati ya miliyari 6 n’amadolari ya Amerika 10 mu cyumweru.

Marko Kolanovic ushinzwe ingamba muri JPMorgan Chase yanditse muri raporo ku wa kane ati: “Nubwo twemera kandi twizera ko iki kibazo kizakemuka vuba, haracyari ingaruka zimwe.Mugihe gikabije, umuyoboro uzahagarikwa igihe kirekire.Ibi birashobora gutuma habaho ihungabana rikomeye mu bucuruzi ku isi, kuzamuka kw’ubwikorezi, kurushaho kwiyongera ku bicuruzwa by’ingufu, no kuzamuka kw’ifaranga ku isi. ”Muri icyo gihe, gutinda kohereza ibicuruzwa nabyo bizatanga umubare munini w’ubwishingizi, bizashyira ingufu ku bigo by’imari bikora ubwishingizi bw’inyanja, cyangwa bizatera Ubwishingizi kandi izindi nzego zirahungabana.

Bitewe n’urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwishingikiriza ku muyoboro w’ubwikorezi wa Suez Canal, isoko ry’iburayi ryumvise neza ko bitatewe n’ibikoresho byahagaritswe, kandi inganda zicuruza n’inganda ntizizaba “nta muceri uri mu nkono.”Nk’uko ibiro ntaramakuru by'Ubushinwa Xinhua bibitangaza ngo umucuruzi ukomeye mu bikoresho byo mu rugo ku isi, IKEA wo muri Suwede, yemeje ko kontineri zigera ku 110 zatwarwaga kuri “Changci”.Umucuruzi w’amashanyarazi wo mu Bwongereza Dixons Mobile Company hamwe n’Ubuholandi ibikoresho byo mu nzu by’ibicuruzwa Brocker Company na bo bemeje ko itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa ryatinze kubera kuziba umuyoboro.

Ni nako bigenda mu nganda.Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe gutanga amanota Moody cyasesenguye ko kubera ko inganda z’ibihugu by’i Burayi, cyane cyane abatanga ibicuruzwa by’imodoka, zagiye zikurikirana “imicungire y’ibicuruzwa mu gihe gikwiye” kugira ngo umusaruro ushimishije kandi ntuzabike ibikoresho byinshi bibisi.Muri iki gihe, ibikoresho bimaze guhagarikwa, umusaruro urashobora guhagarikwa.

Guhagarika nabyo bihagarika isi yose ya LNG.“Isoko ry’isoko” ryo muri Amerika ryavuze ko igiciro cya gaze gasukamo amazi yazamutse mu rugero kubera ubwinshi.8% bya gaze gasanzwe ku isi itwarwa binyuze mu muyoboro wa Suez.Qatar, isosiyete nini itanga amazi ya gazi nini ku isi, ahanini ifite ibicuruzwa bya gaze bijyanwa mu Burayi binyuze mu muyoboro.Niba kugenda bitinze, toni zigera kuri miriyoni ya gaze ya gazi isanzwe ishobora gutinda i Burayi.

Byongeye kandi, bamwe mu bitabiriye isoko bafite impungenge ko ibiciro bya peteroli mpuzamahanga n’ibindi bicuruzwa bizamuka cyane kubera guhagarika umuyoboro wa Suez.Mu minsi yashize, ibiciro bya peteroli mpuzamahanga byazamutse cyane.Ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa bya peteroli byoroheje byatanzwe muri Gicurasi ku Isoko rya New York Mercantile Exchange na London Brent ejo hazaza h’ibikomoka kuri peteroli byatanzwe muri Gicurasi byombi byarengeje amadorari 60 kuri barrale.Icyakora, abari mu nganda bavuze ko isoko ihangayikishijwe n’uko imyumvire y’urwego rutanga isoko yakajije umurego, bigatuma ibiciro bya peteroli bizamuka.Icyakora, mu rwego rwo guhangana n’icyorezo gishya cy’icyorezo, ingamba zo gukumira no kugenzura zizakomeza kugabanya icyifuzo cya peteroli.Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro yo gutwara ibihugu bitanga peteroli nka Amerika ntabwo byagize ingaruka.Nkigisubizo, umwanya uzamuka wibiciro bya peteroli mpuzamahanga ni bike.

2. Kongera ikibazo cya "kontineri iragoye kuyibona"

Kuva mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka ushize, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa ku isi byiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, kandi ibyambu byinshi byahuye n'ibibazo nk'ingorabahizi zo kubona kontineri ndetse n’igipimo kinini cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa mu nyanja.Abitabiriye isoko bemeza ko niba guhagarika umuyoboro wa Suez bikomeje, umubare munini w’amato atwara imizigo atazashobora guhindukira, ibyo bikazamura ibiciro by’ubucuruzi ku isi kandi bigatera urunigi.

Dukurikije imibare yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo mu Bushinwa mu minsi yashize, ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa mu mezi abiri ya mbere y’uyu mwaka byongeye kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara hejuru ya 50%.Nuburyo bwingenzi bwo gutwara abantu mubikoresho mpuzamahanga, hejuru ya 90% yo gutumiza no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze byuzuzwa ninyanja.Kubwibyo, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byageze ku "ntangiriro nziza", bivuze ko hakenewe cyane ubushobozi bwo kohereza.

Nk’uko ibiro ntaramakuru by'Abarusiya byo mu Burusiya biherutse kubitangaza ngo Bloomberg News ibitangaza, igiciro cya kontineri ya metero 40 kuva mu Bushinwa kugera mu Burayi cyazamutse kigera ku madorari agera ku 8000 y'amanyamerika (hafi 52.328) kubera ubwikorezi bwahagaze, bukubye hafi inshuro eshatu kurenza a umwaka ushize.

Ubwubatsi bwa Sampmax buteganya ko izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa n’Umuyoboro wa Suez biterwa ahanini n’uko isoko ryitezwe ry’ibiciro by’ubwikorezi ndetse n’ibiteganijwe guta agaciro.Guhagarika umuyoboro wa Suez bizarushaho gukaza umurego mwinshi wo gutanga ibikoresho.Kubera ubwiyongere bukabije ku isi ku mato atwara imizigo, ndetse n’abatwara ibicuruzwa byinshi batangiye kugabanuka.Hamwe no kugarura amasoko ku isi yose ahura n’ibibazo, ibi birashobora gusobanurwa nk "kongera ingufu mu muriro."Usibye kontineri zitwara ibicuruzwa byinshi byabaguzi "zomekwa" kumuyoboro wa Suez, ibikoresho byinshi byubusa nabyo byahagaritswe aho.Iyo urwego rwogutanga amasoko ku isi rukeneye byihutirwa gukira, umubare munini wibikoresho wabitswe ku byambu by’Uburayi n’Amerika, bishobora kongera ubukene bw’ibikoresho kandi icyarimwe bikazana imbogamizi zikomeye ku bushobozi bwo kohereza.

3. Ibyifuzo byacu

Kugeza ubu, uburyo bwa Sampmax Construction bwo gukemura ikibazo kitoroshye kubona ni ugusaba abakiriya guhunika byinshi, no guhitamo metero 40 za NOR cyangwa gutwara imizigo myinshi, bishobora kugabanya cyane ibiciro, ariko ubu buryo busaba abakiriya kubika byinshi.