Izisombululo zeScaffolding
I-scaffolding ibhekiselele kwiinkxaso ezahlukeneyo ezakhiwe kwindawo yokwakha ukuze abasebenzi basebenze kwaye basombulule uthutho oluthe nkqo noluthe tye.Ikakhulu kubasebenzi bokwakha ukuba basebenze phezulu naphantsi okanye ukukhusela umnatha wokhuseleko lwangaphandle kunye nokufakela amacandelo kwindawo ephakamileyo.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-scaffolding.Ikakhulu ibandakanya: inkqubo ye-scaffolding esebenzayo, inkqubo yokukhusela i-scaffolding kunye nokuthwala umthwalo kunye nenkxaso ye-scaffolding system.
Ngokwendlela yenkxaso ye-scaffold, kukho i-scaffolding-standing floor, ebizwa ngokuba yi-scaffolding tower, i-scaffolding overhanging kunye ne-scaffolding emisiwe.I-scaffold yokunyuka iyonke (ekubhekiswa kuyo "njengesikafula sokunyuka") ngoku isetyenziswa ikakhulu njengenkqubo ezimeleyo kushishino lokwakha.
Inkqubo ye-scaffolding yenye yezona khonkco zibalulekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokwakhiwa okukhuselekileyo kubunjineli bokwakha.Siyibiza ngokuba yinkqubo yokugada ekhuselekileyo.Ulwakhiwo lweSampmax lukhathalele ukhuseleko lwazo naziphi na iiprojekthi zabathengi bethu abasebenza.Zonke iinkqubo ze-scaffolding esizinikezelayo zihlangabezana nemigangatho yemveliso ehambelanayo.
Sisebenzisa iSampmax Construction scaffolding building, sikhumbuza abathengi ukuba bathathele ingqalelo ezi ngxaki ziqhelekileyo:
Ukuhlaliswa kwesiseko kuya kubangela ukuguqulwa kwendawo ye-scaffold.Ukuze kuthintelwe ukuwa okanye ukudilika okubangelwa yi-deformation yendawo, i-stilts okanye i-scissor supports yakhiwe kwicandelo eliguquguqukayo lesakhelo esigobileyo esiphindwe kabini, kwaye isethi yeentonga ezithe nkqo zenziwa ngokulandelelana de kube indawo yokuguqulwa ihlelwe ngaphandle.I-horoscope okanye unyawo lwenkxaso ye-scissor kufuneka lubekwe kwisiseko esiqinileyo nesithembekileyo.
Ukuphambuka kunye nokuguqulwa kwentsimbi yentsimbi ye-cantilever apho i-scaffolding igxilwe khona idlula ixabiso elichaziweyo, kwaye indawo ye-anchor ngasemva kwentsimbi yentsimbi kufuneka iqiniswe.Umphezulu wentsimbi yentsimbi kufuneka uqiniswe ngezixhaso zetsimbi kunye neebrakethi ze-U zokumelana nophahla.Kukho i-gap phakathi kwentsimbi yentsimbi edibeneyo kunye nentsimbi yentsimbi, ekufuneka iqiniswe nge-wedge yehashe.Iintambo zentsimbi eziphelweni zangaphandle zeentsimbi ezijingayo zitshekishwa nganye nganye kwaye zonke ziqinisiwe ukuqinisekisa amandla afanayo.
Ukuba inkqubo yoqhagamshelo lwe-scaffolding kunye nokutsalwa yoqhagamshelo yonakele ngokuyinxenye, kufuneka ibuyiselwe ngoko nangoko ngokwendlela yokutsalwa komthwalo eyenziweyo kwisicwangciso sokuqala, kwaye iindawo ezonakeleyo kunye namalungu ziya kulungiswa.Lungisa i-deformation yangaphandle ye-scaffold ngexesha, yenza uqhagamshelo oluqinileyo, kwaye uqinise iintambo zocingo kwindawo nganye yokothula ukwenza iyunifomu yamandla, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukhulule ikhonkco elijikisiweyo.
Ngethuba lokwakha, ulandelelwano lokumisa kufuneka lulandelwe ngokungqongqo, kwaye izibonda zodonga ezidibeneyo kufuneka zifakwe ngelixa ubeka isakhelo sangaphandle, ukwenzela ukuba udibaniswe ngokuqinileyo kwikholamu yesakhelo sesakhiwo.
Iipali kufuneka zime nkqo, kwaye iipali kufuneka zigxadazele kwaye ziwe phantsi ukusuka kumgangatho wokuqala.Ukutenxa kokuthe nkqo kwepali ethe nkqo akuyi kuba nkulu kune-1/200 yobude bokumiswa, kwaye umphezulu wepali ethe nkqo kufuneka ube yi-1.5m ngaphezu kophahla lwesakhiwo.Kwangaxeshanye, imidibaniso yepali ethe nkqo kufuneka ithathe izinto zokuqhobosha iimpundu ngaphandle kwelap joint kumaleko angaphezulu.
Umzantsi wesikafula kufuneka uxhotyiswe ngeentonga zokutshayela ezithe nkqo nezithe tye.Intonga yokutshayela eme nkqo kufuneka imiswe kwipali ethe nkqo ingabi ngaphezu kwe-200mm kude nomphezulu weshim block ene-engile ekunene iziqhoboshi, kwaye intonga yokutshayela ethe tyaba kufuneka ilungiswe ngoko nangoko ngaphantsi kwentonga yokutshayela ethe nkqo ngezibophelelo ezikwi-engile yasekunene.Epalini.
Kukho inetha ethe tyaba ngaphakathi kweshelufu yokusebenza, kunye ne-180mm ukuphakama kunye ne-50mm yokhuni lonyawo olungqingqwa lokugada lucwangciswe ekupheleni nangaphandle kweshelufu.I-scaffolding yomaleko wokusebenza iya kubekwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ngokuzinzileyo.
Xa ubeka i-butt yebhodi ye-scaffold, kukho iintonga ezimbini ezithe tyaba ezithe tyaba kwindawo ekudityaniswa kuyo, kwaye iindawo ezidityanisiweyo zeebhodi zescaffold ezibekwe ngokutyhoboza kufuneka zibe kwiintonga ezithe tyaba ezithe tye.Akukho bhodi yokuhlola ivumelekileyo, kwaye ubude bebhodi yescaffold abuyi kudlula kwi-150mm.
I-crossbar enkulu kufuneka ibekwe phantsi kwe-crossbar encinci.Ngaphakathi kwintonga ethe nkqo, sebenzisa iziqhoboshi ze-engile ekunene ukuze uqinise intonga ethe nkqo.Ubude be-crossbar enkulu akufanele bube ngaphantsi kwe-3 spans kwaye bungabi ngaphantsi kwe-6m.
Isetyenziswe njengesakhelo sokusebenza ngexesha lesakhiwo kunye nesigaba sokwakha umhlobiso.Yi-scaffold ye-double-pole fastener scaffold kunye nomgama othe nkqo we-1.5m, umgama womgca we-1.0m, kunye nomgama we-1.5m.
Kwi-erection, yonke enye ingqimba yesakhelo sangaphandle kufuneka iqiniswe ngokuqinileyo kwisakhiwo ngexesha lokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ngexesha lenkqubo yokumisa.Ukuphambuka okuthe nkqo kunye nokuthe tye kweentonga kufuneka kulungiswe kunye nokwakhiwa, kwaye i-fasteners kufuneka iqiniswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Amanqaku aphambili okwakhiwa kokususwa kwe-scaffolding
Ukuchithwa kwe-scaffolding kunye ne-formwork support system kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana neemfuno zemigangatho yezobugcisa ezifanelekileyo kunye nezicwangciso ezikhethekileyo.Ngexesha lenkqubo yokudilizwa, iyunithi yokwakha kunye nokubeka iliso kufuneka ilungiselele abasebenzi abakhethekileyo ukuba bajonge.
I-scaffolding kufuneka ichithwe ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi umaleko ngokomaleko.Ukusebenza kwangaxeshanye kokunyuka nokuhla kuthintelwe ngokungqongqo, kwaye iindawo zodonga oludityanisiweyo kufuneka zisuswe umaleko ngomaleko kunye ne-scaffolding.Akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukudiliza umaleko wonke okanye iileya ezininzi zodonga oludityanisiweyo ngaphambi kokudiliza i-scaffolding.
Xa ukuhlukana kokuphakama kokuchithwa kwecandelo kukhulu kunamanyathelo amabini, ukudibanisa iindonga kufuneka zongezwe ukuqinisa.
Xa ususa isikafula, susa intambo yamandla ekufutshane kuqala.Ukuba kukho intambo yamandla engcwatywe phantsi komhlaba, thatha amanyathelo okukhusela.Akuvunyelwe ngokungqongqo ukulahla i-fasteners kunye nemibhobho yensimbi ejikeleze intambo yamandla.
Imibhobho yentsimbi echithiweyo, i-fasteners kunye nezinye izesekeli zithintelwe ngokungqongqo ukuba ziphonswe emhlabeni ukusuka kumphakamo.
Ukususwa kwepali ethe nkqo (ubude obuyi-6m) kufuneka kuqhutywe ngabantu ababini.Ipali ethe nkqo ngaphakathi kwe-30cm phantsi kwepali engundoqo ethe tyaba ayivumelekanga ukuba isuswe ngumntu omnye, kwaye kuyafuneka ukuba kugqitywe ukususwa ngaphambi kokuba kususwe inyathelo lebhulorho ekumgangatho ophezulu.Ukusebenza okungafanelekanga kunokubangela ukuwa komgangatho ophezulu ngokulula (kuquka abantu kunye nezinto).
I-crossbar enkulu, i-scissor brace, kunye ne-diagonal brace kufuneka isuswe kuqala, kwaye izibophelelo ze-butt eziphakathi kufuneka zisuswe kuqala, kwaye i-buckle yesiphelo kufuneka ixhaswe emva kokubamba umbindi;ngelo xesha, i-scissor brace kunye ne-diagonal brace inokususwa kuphela kuluhlu lokudiliza, kungekhona nje ngaxeshanye, susa i-scissor brace Iibhanti zokhuseleko kufuneka zifakwe ngelo xesha, kwaye abantu ababini okanye ngaphezulu kufuneka basebenzisane ukuze bawasuse.
Iinxalenye zodonga oludibanisayo akufunekanga zichithwe kwangaphambili.Ziyakwazi ukususwa kuphela xa zisuswe umaleko ngumaleko kwiindawo zodonga oludibanisayo.Ngaphambi kokuba iindawo zokugqibela zokudibanisa zodonga zisuswe, izixhaso zokuphosa kufuneka zibekwe kwiipali ezithe nkqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iipali ezithe nkqo ziyasuswa.uzinzo.