Izixazululo Zokubopha
I-Scaffolding isho izesekeli ezahlukahlukene ezakhiwe ekwakhiweni kwezisebenzi ukuze zisebenze futhi zixazulule izinto zokuhamba eziqonde phezulu. Ikakhulukazi abasebenzi bezokwakha ukuze basebenze futhi phansi noma ukuvikela inetha langaphandle lokuphepha futhi bafake izakhi zokuphakama okuphezulu. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-scaffolding. Kubandakanya ikakhulukazi: uhlelo lokusebenzisa scaffolding, uhlelo lokuvikela ukuvikelwa komgwaqo kanye nokuthwala umthwalo kanye nohlelo lokuxhaswa kokusekelwa.
Ngokwendlela yokusekela ye-scaffold, kukhona futhi okuphansi okumaphakathi, okubuye kwaqamba umbhoshongo osungula umbhoshongo, kuqubuke ukugoqa futhi kumiswe okuswakama. I-scaffold ekhuphukayo ephelele (ebizwa ngokuthi "ukukhuphuka isikrini") manje isetshenziswa kakhulu njengohlelo oluzimele embonini yezokwakha.
Uhlelo lwe-Scaffolding lungenye yezixhumanisi ezibaluleke kakhulu nezinhlelo zokwakhiwa okuphephile ekwakheni ubunjiniyela bezokwakha. Sikubiza ngokuthi uhlelo lokuqapha oluphephile. Ukwakhiwa kwaSampmax kukhathalela ukuphepha kwanoma yimaphi amaphrojekthi amakhasimende ethu asebenza. Zonke izinhlelo zokuqopha ama-scaffolding esikunikeza ukuhlangabezana namazinga okukhiqiza ahambisanayo.
Usebenzisa ukwakhiwa kweSampmax ukwakhiwa kwesikebhe, sikhumbuza amakhasimende ukuthi anake lezi zinkinga ezivamile:
Ukuxazululwa kwesisekelo kuzodala ukwehla kwendawo kwe-scaffold. Ukuze uvikele ukuwa noma ukwehla kwesilinganiso okubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwendawo, ama-stilts noma amaScissor asekelwayo akhiwe kwingxenye ye-transver yokwehla kohlaka oluphindwe kabili, bese kusethi yezinduku ezimile zihlelwe ngaphandle. I-horoscope noma unyawo lokusekelwa kweScissor kumele lubekwe esisekelweni esiqinile nesithembekile.
Ukuphambuka kanye nokwenziwa kwe-defformation of the Confilever Steel Sour lapho izisulu zigxile khona zidlula inani elithile, nephuzu le-anchor ngemuva komfutho wensimbi ye-cantilever kufanele aqiniswe. Ingaphezulu logongolo lwensimbi kufanele luqiniswe ngokuxhaswa kwensimbi kanye namabakaki abunjwe kuwe ukuze ubekezelele ophahleni. Kukhona igebe phakathi kwendandatho yensimbi eshumekiwe kanye nogongolo lwensimbi, okumele luvikelwe nge-wedge yamahhashi. Izintambo zensimbi zensimbi emaphethelweni angaphandle zemishayo yensimbi elengiswayo ihlolwe ngamunye ngamunye futhi wonke aqine ukuqinisekisa amandla afanayo.
Uma ukulawulwa kokulungiswa kwesikebhe nokudonsa uhlelo lokuxhuma kulimele ngokwengxenye, kufanele kubuyiselwe ngokushesha ngokuya ngendlela yokudonsa ehlehlisiwe eyenziwe ngohlelo lwangempela, kanye nezingxenye ezichithwe namalungu kuzolungiswa. Lungisa ukuguqulwa kwangaphandle kwe-scaffold ngesikhathi, yenza ukuxhumana okuqinile, bese uqinisa izintambo zocingo endaweni ngayinye yokulayisha ukuze wenze umfaniswano ngamunye, bese ekugcineni ukhulule uchungechunge lwamandla.
Ngesikhathi sokwakha, ukulandelana kwe-Erection kumele kulandelwe ngokuqinile, futhi izigxobo zodonga ezixhumayo kufanele zibekwe ngenkathi zihlela uhlaka lwangaphandle, ukuze zixhunywe ngokuqinile kwikholamu yohlaka lwesakhiwo.
Izigxobo kufanele zibe mpo, bese izigxobo kufanele zimangele futhi zibekwe phansi esitezi sokuqala. Ukuphambuka kwe-verticality kwesigxobo mpo ngeke kube kukhulu kune-1/200 yokuphakama korection, futhi phezulu kwesigxobo esithe mpo kufanele kube ngu-1.5m phezulu kunophahla lwesakhiwo. Ngasikhathi sinye, amajoyina ama-mpo ezigodini kumele amukele ama-fasteners we-butt ngaphandle kwe-lap ehlanganiswe kungqimba ephezulu.
Phansi kwesihlahla se-scaffold kumele kufakwe izindonga eziqonde mpo nasezivundlile. Induku ethe mpo kufanele ilungiswe esigxotsheni esithe mpo hhayi esingaphezu kwama-200mm kude ne-shim block nge-fasters engela ngakwesokudla, futhi induku evundlile kufanele ilungiswe ngokushesha ngaphansi kwenduku e-angle engela ngakwesokudla. Esigxotsheni.
Kukhona i-Flat Net ngaphakathi eshalofini elisebenzayo, kwahlelwa unogada wezinyawo ezingama-180mm ngo-50mm ekugcineni kwangaphandle kweshalofini. Ukuhlanganiswa kwesendlalelo sokusebenza kuzobekwa ngokugcwele futhi ngokuqinile.
Lapho ubeka ibhodi le-scaffold butt, kunezinduku ezimbili ezivundlile emalungeni, futhi amalunga amabhodi ama-scaffold abekelwe ukugcwala okuvundlile kufanele abe sezingeniso ezivundlile. Alikho ibhodi le-probe livunyelwe, futhi ubude bebhodi le-scaffold ngeke lidlule ku-150mm.
I-crossbar enkulu kufanele ibekwe ngaphansi kwe-crossbar encane. Ngaphakathi kwenduku ebheke mpo, sebenzisa ama-fasteners angenayo ukuqinisa induku mpo. Ubude be-crossbar enkulu akufanele bube ngaphansi kwama-spans ama-3 hhayi ngaphansi kwe-6m.
Isetshenziswa njengohlaka olusebenzayo ngesikhathi sesakhiwo nesigaba sokwakha umhlobiso. Kuyinto emugqa emibili-pole fastener scaffold ngebanga elithe mpo ye-1.5m, ibanga le-1.0m, nebanga lesinyathelo esingu-1.5m.
Ngokwenziwa, wonke amanye ungqimba wefreyimu yangaphandle kufanele aboshwe ngokuqinile esakhiweni ngesikhathi ukuze aqinisekise ukuphepha ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakhiwa. Ukuphambuka okuqondile nokuvundlile kwezinduku kumele kulungiswe kanye nokwakhiwa, futhi ama-fasteners kumele aqiniswe ngendlela efanele.
Amaphoyinti asemqoka wokwakhiwa kokususwa okukaScaffolting
Ukudilizwa kwe-scaffolding kanye nohlelo lokusekelwa kwamafomu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqinile ngokuya ngezidingo zamazinga obuchwepheshe afanele nezinhlelo ezikhethekile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokudilizwa, iyunithi yokwakha kanye nokugadwa kufanele ihlele ukuthi abasebenzi abakhethekile bagaxe.
I-Scaffolding kumele ihlukaniswe kusuka phezulu kuya engqikisweni engezansi ngongqimba. Ukusebenza kanyekanye kwe-UP futhi phansi akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele, futhi izingxenye zodonga ezixhumayo kufanele zisuswe ungqimba ngesendlalelo kanye nokwehla. Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukudiliza lonke ungqimba noma izingqimba eziningana zodonga oluxhumayo ngaphambi kokukhipha i-scaffolding.
Lapho umehluko wokuphakama wokubhidlizwa okwenziwe ngengxenye ungaphezulu kwezinyathelo ezimbili, ukuxhuma izingcezu zodonga kufanele zengezwe ukuqiniswa.
Lapho ususa i-scaffolding, susa intambo yamandla aseduze kuqala. Uma kukhona intambo yamandla angcwatshwe ngaphansi komhlaba, thatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela. Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukulahla ama-fasteners namapayipi ensimbi azungeze intambo yamandla.
Amapayipi ensimbi adilikile, ama-fasteners nezinye izesekeli anqatshelwe ngokuphelele ekuphonsweni emhlabathini kusuka ekuphakameni.
Ukususwa kwesigxobo mpo (ubude be-6m) kumele kwenziwe ngabantu ababili. Isigxobo esimile ngaphakathi kwe-30cm ngaphansi kwesigxobo esikhulu esivundlile senqatshelwe ukususwa ngumuntu oyedwa, futhi kuyadingeka ukuqeda ukususwa ngaphambi kokususwa kwebhuloho eliphezulu. Ukusebenza okungafanele kungadala kalula ukuwela okuphezulu (kufaka phakathi abantu nezinto).
I-crossbar enkulu, i-scissor brace, kanye ne-diagonal brace kufanele isuswe kuqala, futhi ama-butt band fasteners kufanele asuswe kuqala, futhi ibhande lesisekelo kufanele lisekelwe ngemuva kokubamba maphakathi; Ngasikhathi sinye, i-Scissor brace kanye ne-brace ye-diagonal kungasuswa kuphela kungqimba lokudilizwa, hhayi konke ngasikhathi sinye, susa amabhande okuphepha eScissor brace kumele agqoke ngaleso sikhathi, futhi abantu ababili noma ngaphezulu kufanele babambisa ukuwasusa.
Izingxenye zodonga ezixhumayo akufanele zidilizwe kusengaphambili. Zingasuswa kuphela lapho zisuswa ungqimba ngesendlalelo ezingxenyeni ezixhunyiwe zodonga. Ngaphambi kokususwa kwezingxenye zodonga zokugcina ezixhumekayo, ukuphonsa ukujikijela kufanele kusethwe izigxobo ezithe mpo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izigxobo eziqonde mpo ziyasuswa. ukuqina.